AlgoPlus//networking / crc
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CRC

Binary long division by a generator polynomial; the remainder is the frame's check value.

Phase
Done
CRC
Data bits
Generator polynomial
Legend
Generator (XOR)
Remainder / CRC
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In a nutshell
CRC checks data for errors by treating the bits as one huge binary number and dividing by a fixed pattern called the generator. The leftover — the remainder — is sent alongside the data; if the receiver's division doesn't come out to zero, the data was corrupted in transit.
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Treat the frame as a giant binary number and divide by a fixed polynomial using XOR. The leftover remainder is a fingerprint — change any bit and the remainder almost certainly changes.
Key terms
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Read the full theory, intuition & complexity for CRC.